Inactivation of Surfactant in Rat Lungs

Correlation of Mechanical Properties of Lungs and Surface Tension; Deficiency vs. Inactivation of Surfactant.

Effects of Acute Intraperitoneal Injection on Plural Rat Lungs

Purpose: Sulfur mustard (SM), a highly toxic chemical warfare, primarily targets the skin, eye and respiratory tract. Respiratory tract lesions are the most disabling consequences. Mast cells, containing special granules that store histamine and heparin, release leukotrienes. It is known that the surface of mast cells contains specific receptors for 19B. Therefore, mast cells promote allergic r...

Mechanical ventilation of isolated rat lungs changes the structure and biophysical properties of surfactant.

Mechanical ventilation is an essential but potentially harmful therapeutic intervention for patients with acute lung injury. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mechanical ventilation on large-aggregate surfactant (LA) structure and function. Isolated rat lungs were randomized to either a nonventilated control group, a relatively noninjuriously ventilated group [1 h, 1...

Mechanical ventilation of isolated septic rat lungs: effects on surfactant and inflammatory cytokines.

The effects of mechanical ventilation (MV) on the surfactant system and cytokine secretion were studied in isolated septic rat lungs. At 23 h after sham surgery or induction of sepsis by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP), lungs were excised and randomized to one of three groups: 1) a nonventilated group, 2) a group subjected to 1 h of noninjurious MV (tidal volume = 10 ml/kg, positive end-ex...

Does pulmonary surfactant aid in defense of the lungs?

The involvement of the pulmonary surfactant system in defense of the alveoli and distal airways of the lungs is an aspect of respiratory physiology and toxicology that has been largely overlooked. The pulmonary surfactant system is absolutely critical to survival of all mammalian species, as progressive loss of surfactant leads to lung collapse and death of the organism. In recent years it has ...